--- title: Business Hub description: A Business Hub stores each business key that it reads from the Raw Vault once, with its hash key Hub_HK, in a table of the Business Vault layer. --- [Skip to content](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-business-hub#main-content) [Contact us](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/kb-tickets/new?hsLang=en) [Go to Customer Portal](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/customer-portal?hsLang=en) [![TRI\_Logo\_biGENIUS\_2020\_RGB\_s](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Marketing/TRI_Logo_biGENIUS_2020_RGB_s.png?width=150&height=42&name=TRI_Logo_biGENIUS_2020_RGB_s.png)](https://www.bigenius-x.com/) Open main navigation Close main navigation - [Contact us](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/kb-tickets/new) - [Go to Customer Portal](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/customer-portal) How can we help you? - There are no suggestions because the search field is empty. 1. [biGENIUS-X Knowledge Base](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/?hsLang=en) 2. [Generators](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/generators?hsLang=en) 3. [Model Object Type](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/generators?hsLang=en#model-object-type) # Business Hub **Applies to** Platform: Microsoft SQL Server · Snowflake · Snowflake dbt · Databricks · Databricks dbt · Fabric Lakehouse · Fabric Warehouse · Oracle Architecture: Data Vault A Business Hub stores each business key that it reads from the Raw Vault once, with its hash key `Hub_HK`, in a table of the Business Vault layer. Use it for business keys that a business rule derives or combines from Raw Vault data. After each load, the result view shows one row per business key and the load that first delivered it. A Business Hub works like a [Hub](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-hub?hsLang=en). It differs in its sources, its layer and the `BDV_` prefix of its objects. ### Sources and relationships A Business Hub reads the result views of Raw Vault objects, in one or more dataflows: Hubs, all Link types, all satellite types, Current Views and History Views. It also reads [BusinessVault Composites](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-business-vault-composite?hsLang=en) and [Hierarchy Flattens](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-hierachy-flatten?hsLang=en). It does not read Stages or other Business Vault types. A Business Hub has no relationships of its own. Other model objects use it in two ways: - Relationship to the Business Hub: Business Link, Business Driving Key Link, Hierarchical Business Link, Same As Business Link, Business Satellite and Effectivity Business Satellite. - Dataflow source: Business Current View, Business History View, Business PIT and [Vault Out](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-vault-out?hsLang=en). ### Create the model object - With the wizard: open the menu of a Raw Vault Hub, Link or satellite, or of a BusinessVault Composite. Choose **Automate** and then **Create Business Hub**. Its steps are [Create Model Object](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/wizard-step-create-model-object?hsLang=en), [Create Dataflow](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/wizard-step-create-dataflow?hsLang=en), [Map Selected Business Keys](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/wizard-step-map-selected-business-keys?hsLang=en) and [Add to View](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/wizard-step-add-to-view?hsLang=en). See [Create a Model Object with the wizard](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-model-object-with-the-wizard?hsLang=en). - Manually: [create a model object](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-model-object?hsLang=en) of type Business Hub in the Business Vault layer, [create a dataflow set](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-data-flow-set?hsLang=en), [add the source model object](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/add-a-model-object-into-a-data-flow-set?hsLang=en) and [map the terms](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/map-a-source-term-with-a-target-term?hsLang=en). Mark at least one term as business key. A Business Hub holds only business keys and Default Terms. Validation reports an error for any other term. ### Properties - [Implementation Type](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/implementation-type-model-object?hsLang=en): `Permanent` only, a table that keeps its rows from load to load. - [Load Caching](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/load-caching-model-object?hsLang=en): empty (default) or `Hashing`, which stores the hashing view in a table before the loader runs. - [Custom Singleton Values](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/custom-singleton-values-model-object?hsLang=en): values of the unknown-member row. Available since Generator 2.3. - [Deduplication Method](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/deduplication-method-model-object?hsLang=en) and [Sort Order within Partition](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/deduplication-partition-model-object?hsLang=en), per dataflow. Platform-specific properties are listed under Platform differences. ### Default Terms - [`Hub_HK`](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/hub_hk?hsLang=en): hash of the business keys and primary key of the table. The same business key gets the same `Hub_HK` as in a Raw Vault Hub. See [How biGENIUS-X builds hash values](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/how-bigenius-x-builds-hash-values?hsLang=en). - [`BG_LoadTimestamp`](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/bg_loadtimestamp?hsLang=en): the load that inserted the business key. - [`BG_SourceSystem`](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/bg_sourcesystem?hsLang=en): the source system of the row; empty unless you map it. - [`BG_DataQuality_ID`](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/bg-dataquality-id?hsLang=en), [`BG_ErrorCount`](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/bg_errorcount?hsLang=en) and [`BG_ErrorDescription`](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/bg_errordescription?hsLang=en): hidden terms of the data quality objects. The business keys form a unique constraint of the table. ### Generated objects These are the names on Microsoft SQL Server for the Business Hub `load_bhub` with one dataflow: | Role | Generated name | Purpose | | --- | --- | --- | | Source | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Source` | Reads the sources | | Deduplication | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Deduplication` | Removes duplicate rows | | Hashing | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Hashing` | Calculates `Hub_HK` | | HashingStorage | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_HashingTable` | Stores the hashed rows | | HashingLoader | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_HashingLoader` | Fills the hashing table | | Delta | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Delta` | Selects new business keys | | Loader | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Loader` | Inserts the new keys | | Storage | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub` | Business Hub table | | Result | `BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Result` | Query view | - Loaders are stored procedures; the Business Hub table and the hashing table are tables; all other objects are views. - The deduplication view exists only with a Deduplication Method other than `None`. - The hashing table and hashing loader exist only with Load Caching `Hashing`. The delta view then reads the hashing table. - With several dataflows, all objects except the table and the result view exist once per dataflow, with the dataflow name in their names. - The table script inserts the unknown-member row: business key `0` (text terms `Unknown`), a `Hub_HK` of zeros and `BG_LoadTimestamp` 1900-01-01. The result view hides this row. - The result view always exists, independent of [Create Result Views](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-result-views-project?hsLang=en). With the default settings, a load runs this chain: ``` Raw Vault _Result views -> _Source -> _Hashing -> _Delta _Delta -> _Loader -> BDV_HUB_load_bhub -> _Result _Result -> _Delta (keys already stored) ``` The source view reads the result views of its Raw Vault sources. The delta view keeps the rows whose `Hub_HK` is not in the result view of the Business Hub. The loader inserts them with the load timestamp and never updates or deletes rows. With the optional objects, `_Deduplication` sits between `_Source` and `_Hashing`, and `_HashingLoader` fills `_HashingTable` before the delta view reads it. ### Example The Business Hub `load_bhub` on Microsoft SQL Server reads the Raw Vault Hub `common_customer`. `CUSTOMER_ID` is its business key. The Raw Vault Hub receives these keys, and each load runs the Business Hub after it: - Load 1 on 2026-10-28 08:00: customers 1 and 2. - Load 2 on 2026-10-29 08:00: customers 1, 2 and 3. - Loads 3 and 4 on 2026-10-30 and 2026-10-31 08:00: no new customer. ### Check the result Query the result view of the Business Hub and the Raw Vault Hub, here in the schemas `p3b` and `p3`: ``` SELECT b.CUSTOMER_ID, b.Hub_HK, b.BG_LoadTimestamp, r.Hub_HK AS raw_Hub_HK FROM p3b.BDV_HUB_load_bhub_Result AS b JOIN p3.RDV_HUB_common_customer_Result AS r ON r.CUSTOMER_ID = b.CUSTOMER_ID ORDER BY b.CUSTOMER_ID; ``` This is the result after load 4, with hash keys shortened to their first four bytes: ``` CUSTOMER_ID Hub_HK BG_LoadTimestamp raw_Hub_HK 1 0xE91FE173 2026-10-28 08:00 0xE91FE173 2 0x21ED4C7A 2026-10-28 08:00 0x21ED4C7A 3 0x2064F80F 2026-10-29 08:00 0x2064F80F ``` - Load 2 inserted only customer 3. Loads 3 and 4 inserted no row. - Each customer has the same hash key in the Business Hub and in the Raw Vault Hub. - The table holds a fourth row, the unknown-member row with `CUSTOMER_ID` 0. ### Platform differences - Snowflake: names are in capitals, and the loader is a stored procedure. The load control task `LC_BDV_HUB__TASK` calls it. The dataflow properties [Use Stream](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/use-stream-model-object?hsLang=en) and [Warehouse Placeholder Variable Name](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/warehouse-placeholder-variable-name-dataflow?hsLang=en) apply. - Databricks and Fabric Lakehouse: table and view names are in lowercase, and the loader is the notebook `BDV_HUB__Loader`. The properties [File Format](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/file-format-model-object?hsLang=en), [Optimization Method](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/optimization-method-model-object?hsLang=en), [Optimization Method Columns](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/optimization-method-columns-model-object?hsLang=en) and [Use Sequential Dataflow Execution](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/use-sequential-dataflow-execution-model-object?hsLang=en) apply. - Databricks dbt and Snowflake dbt: the Business Hub becomes the dbt models `bdv_hub__source` and `bdv_hub_`. The model `bdv_hub__result` exists only when Create Result Views is true; the default on dbt is false. Load Caching is not available. - Fabric Warehouse: the same objects as on Microsoft SQL Server, deployed by notebooks. - Oracle: names are in capitals, and the loader is a PL/SQL package. [Partition Clause](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/partition-clause-and-table-storage-model-object?hsLang=en) adds its text to the `CREATE TABLE` statement. Table Compression, the tablespaces and the statistics properties also apply. ### Limitations - A Business Hub has at least one business key, no relationships and no terms other than business keys and Default Terms. - A dataflow that delivers the same business key twice in one load makes the loader fail with a primary key violation. Deduplication Method `Distinct` or `Partition` removes such duplicates before hashing. - A Business Hub keeps no history. Business Satellites store the descriptive data of its keys. ### Related articles - Previous: [Hub](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-hub?hsLang=en), [BusinessVault Composite](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-business-vault-composite?hsLang=en) - Next: [Business Link](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-business-link?hsLang=en), [Business Satellite](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-a-business-satellite?hsLang=en) - Reference: [Hub\_HK](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/hub_hk?hsLang=en), [Implementation Type (Model Object)](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/implementation-type-model-object?hsLang=en), [Load Caching (Model Object)](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/load-caching-model-object?hsLang=en), [Custom Singleton Values (Model Object)](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/custom-singleton-values-model-object?hsLang=en), [Deduplication Method (Dataflow)](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/deduplication-method-model-object?hsLang=en), [Sort Order within Partition (Dataflow)](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/deduplication-partition-model-object?hsLang=en), [Create Result Views (Project)](https://knowledge.bigenius-x.com/create-result-views-project?hsLang=en) - 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